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Porto



The native land of wine to Port is the city to Port in Portugal, sometimes it is called Port (Port). In England it carried name Porto-wine (port-vajn). Obviously, from here also has occurred it at first German, and then and the Russian name - port. The grapes used for manufacture to Port, are grown up in Portugal in a mountain valley of the river Douro on slate soils. Only the certain list of grades is resolved for manufacturing of this mark of wine, and their names practically are not known outside of Portugal, for example, Touriga Nacional (Turiga Nasonal), Touriga Frances (Tourist's yokes of Franches), Tinto Barroca (Tinto Barroka), Tinto Roriz (Tinto Roriz), Tinto Cao (Tinto Chao). The most known wines to Port receive, as a rule, from mixture of these grades of grapes. Feature of manufacturing of this wine brand is that berries squeeze out bare feet. It allows to squeeze out and tannins, but does not allow to crush bitter kernels. Therefore such wine is considered most quality. Certainly, in modern winemaking the way autowinification, based that fruits choke under a body weight is more often applied. Then wine ferment, and when its fortress reaches 6 %, add brendy, thus, in Port at the maintenance of sugar 6 – 14 % alcohol makes 17 – 20 %. Quality of the made drink depends on quality of fruits, use of one crop or several, endurance term. Cheap wine, a fake under Port, make from other grades of grapes on more simple technology and some months allow to ripen all.


True to Port has set of versions:


- Vintage Port that in transfer means: "Port of concrete year of harvesting». It make, using fruits only the most successful gathering which three-four times for 10 years happen only. After two-year endurance in flanks a drink spill in bottles where he spends still from 10 till 20 years for which strongly pronounced tannin taste is lost, wine gets sweet, fruktovo-berry taste and strongly pronounced fruit aroma. Judges of this grade recommend to open a bottle in some hours before giving to a table that «to allow fault to communicate to oxygen», this operation is called decontation.

- Single Quinta Vintage Port it is made in the same way, as the previous mark except that for manufacturing fruits are used less than bumper-crop year, therefore it concedes Vintage Port on intensity of flavouring and fragrant sensations. In the instructions, having exclusive rights to manufacture of this wine contain. Single Quinta Vintage Port gets to sale as term of its endurance usually does not occupy more than 8 – 10 years more likely. Before its use it is necessary to subject decontation;


- Colheita Port (Kolhejta to Port) as well as Vintage Port is made of a crop of certain year, however is maintained for many years. As capacity for it flanks in which it is up to maturing serve exclusively. Then it spill in bottles and at once expose on sale;


- Late Bottled Vintage Port or in abbreviated form LBV - in transfer means:« To port of concrete year of harvesting, but late flood on bottles ». Is one of rather cheap wines of mark to Port as it is made from grapes not the best crop, it is maintained in flanks of 4-6 years, then spreads in bottles and at once goes on sale. Before giving on a table requires in decontation as before bottelling it is not filtered.


- Vintage Character Port it is usually translated as« original to Port of concrete year of harvesting ». It means that it is made of mixture of wines of different years of manufacture. Vintage Character Port it is maintained in flanks about five years, then spreads on bottles and at once goes on sale. Wine has beautiful ruby colour and a full body.


- Tawny Port – in transfer:« Ryzhevato-brown to Port », this name is connected with colour of a drink. Expensive wines of this mark maintain in flanks from 10 till 40 years, they differ soft taste, in their hot weather drink with ice in a glass. And cheaper grades do from not so high-quality fruits and maintain in flanks about three years.


- Ruby Port (ruby to Port) manufacture is considered it simple enough, therefore and its price is not high. The endurance of this wine takes only about three years, then it spill in bottles and start in sale. However exist and more sustained versions Ruby Port. For example, if on a label there is inscription Reserve (sustained) or Special Reserve (specially sustained) it testifies that wine was in flanks about six years.


- White Porto - (white to Port) to be made from white grades of grapes of a golden shade. Its feature consists that wine can be simultaneously both dry, and sweet. To use it it is recommended at achievement of a room temperature by it – nearby 18 °C, to store in a cool place, and wine in an open bottle is not lost the properties some more weeks. Wine judges allocate next years after the Second World War, as the most successful for manufacture of wines of mark to Port: 1945, 1948, 1955, 1963, 1970, 1977, 1983, 1985, 1991, 1992,1994, 1995, 1997, 1998.


- Cream Sherry - «a cream Sherry» make sweet the Sherry of Oloroso. Its other name Amaroso. Now is in demand.


- Brown Sherry - «a brown Sherry» very dark colour.


- Pedro Ximenez (Pedro Himenes) and Moscatel - fault very sweet, dark brown colour, with not the considerable maintenance of alcohol.


Dry wines - the Sherry of Fino and Manzanilla are not recommended to be stored more than three months, and the open bottle is necessary for drinking within two-three days. Sweet grades can be stored some years.


Severo-to the east Andaluzii is the region Montilla making wine similar to the Sherry and competing to the original. It make exclusively of grapes of Pedro Himenes, and the high fortress it reaches a natural way, that is without alcohol addition. Wine of Montilla easier, less strongly pronounced, than the Sherry.




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